Commercial real estate’s risk premium, as measured by cap rate spreads over the 10-Year yield, has become unusually thin. At a 4.7 percent 10-Year Treasury yield, roughly where it is today, the spread between the all-asset CRE cap rate and Treasuries is about 1.6 percentage points, which is near the 6th percentile over the last 35 years. Historically, spreads this narrow don't tend to last long. When the spread has fallen into the bottom fifth of its historical range, it was wider one year later 82% of the time. That spread can normalize two ways, either by falling Treasury yields or higher cap rates. But if Treasury yields remain elevated, and I've written elsewhere why I think it's reasonable to expect long term yields to remain where they are or rise further, then spread normalization would depend on higher cap rates. Holding net operating income equal, this translates to lower property values. All told, the valuation tailwinds from cap rate compression that have become familiar from roughly 2001 - 2022 do not look likely to repeat in this CRE cycle.
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